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• Fake police or officials asking to see documents or “fines”; ask for ID and go to a police station if unsure.
• Overcharging or currency confusion; agree on prices in advance for taxis and services.

• Yellow fever vaccination is mandatory. Malaria prophylaxis recommended; use repellent and nets.
• Drink bottled or treated water; be cautious with street food hygiene.

• Yellow fever (required). Routine vaccines. Hepatitis A, typhoid, polio. Malaria prophylaxis recommended.

• Greet people respectfully; handshakes and asking about family are valued.
• Use your right hand for giving and receiving.
• Show respect to elders and traditional leaders.

• Avoid pointing with the left hand or using it for gestures in formal settings.
• Don't refuse hospitality outright; a small acceptance or polite decline is appropriate.
• Avoid sensitive political topics unless you know the context.

Tipping is not mandatory but appreciated in restaurants and for guides. Rounding up or 10% for good service is common.

Modest dress is appreciated, especially in rural and religious settings. Bright, neat clothing is often worn for occasions.

Christianity, Islam, and traditional beliefs coexist. Respect religious sites and practices; dress modestly when visiting.